Isar dalarna
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Its source is in the Karwendel mountain range of the Alps. With km length, it is among the longest rivers in Bavaria. It is Germany's second most important tributary of the Danube. The name itself is mentioned for the first time in as Isura. The Isar river drains a substantial part of the Bavarian Alps and parts of the Karwendel mountains. Apart from the larger tributaries Loisach and Amper many smaller rivers flow into the Isar.
The drainage basin contains some 9, square kilometers roughly 3, square miles. During the winter most of the precipitation in the Alps turns into snow. The snowmelt can result in an increased water flow down the Isar rivers during the spring meltdown. The official source of the Isar is located in the Hinterau valley east of the village Scharnitz in the Karwendel mountains at a height above sea level of m.
The Lavatschbach is the Isar's longest headstream.
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A further source for the young Isar is the Birkkarbach, which has its sources in the Birkkarspitze mountain. The Isar enters Upper Bavaria after ca. Some of the Isar waters are channeled via the Rißbach into the Walchensee , the Rißbach flow direction having been reversed. From here it flows into the river Loisach, Isar's second most important tributary. Not far down the Isar river is a large reservoir called Sylvensteinsee was created between and to make more energy generation possible and also to avoid flooding.
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It is located some 12 km south of Lenggries. It has prevented the flooding of Munich , for example in , , and most recently in Bad Tölz marks the river's transit from its upper to its middle course.
The Isar river flows through a sub-alpine, glacial morainic landscape towards Wolfratshausen. Just north of the town the Loisach flows into the Isar. The Isar continues on to and through the Munich gravel plain which ends within the city limits of Munich. Further downstream the river passes Freising , then the Amper flows into the Isar, its most important tributary, at Moosburg. This is where the lower course of the Isar river begins.
Passing Landshut , the river makes its way through the Tertiary Hills of Lower Bavaria all the way into the Danube river. The Isar river descends some m to flow into the Danube, about five kilometres away from Deggendorf. Among Central European habitats, Alpine rivers are ranked among those most substantially altered by humans over the past hundred years.
The Isar Rivers are now protected from development. At the lower Isar between Moosburg and Plattling gold was washed from the river's sediments during the 16th and 17th century. However, there was no big economic revenue in this due to the minor amounts of the metal found in the river. Over forty hydropower plants were built on the Isar to electrify Bavaria. In the s and s the federal state of Bavaria financed the construction of major hydroelectric power plants, the Sylvenstein reservoir on the Isar was constructed between and From till the Isarplan was implemented to reduce the risk of flooding.
The planning and implementation was the responsibility of the Regional Office for Water Management and the city of Munich. Embankments were removed and the river bed was widened, establishing connections to surrounding flood plains. Riverbed rock ramps were constructed so that fish can move upstream again.