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Graphical User Interfaces with Tk. Both Tk and tkinter are available on most Unix platforms, including macOS, as well as on Windows systems. Tkinter is not a thin wrapper, but adds a fair amount of its own logic to make the experience more pythonic.
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Both old and new APIs are still available. Most documentation you will find online still uses the old API and can be woefully outdated. Extensive tutorial on creating user interfaces with Tkinter. Explains key concepts, and illustrates recommended approaches using the modern API. ISBN Tcl is a dynamic interpreted programming language, just like Python. Though it can be used on its own as a general-purpose programming language, it is most commonly embedded into C applications as a scripting engine or an interface to the Tk toolkit.
The Tcl library has a C interface to create and manage one or more instances of a Tcl interpreter, run Tcl commands and scripts in those instances, and add custom commands implemented in either Tcl or C. Each interpreter has an event queue, and there are facilities to send events to it and process them.
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Each Tk object embeds its own Tcl interpreter instance with Tk loaded into it. Themed Tk Ttk is a newer family of Tk widgets that provide a much better appearance on different platforms than many of the classic Tk widgets. Ttk is distributed as part of Tk, starting with Tk version 8. Python bindings are provided in a separate module, tkinter. Internally, Tk and Ttk use facilities of the underlying operating system, i.
When your Python application uses a class in Tkinter, e. Support for Tkinter is spread across several modules. Most applications will need the main tkinter module, as well as the tkinter.
Construct a toplevel Tk widget, which is usually the main window of an application, and initialize a Tcl interpreter for this widget. Each instance has its own associated Tcl interpreter. The Tk class is typically instantiated using all default values.
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However, the following keyword arguments are currently recognized:. X11 only. Name of the profile file. By default, baseName is derived from the program name sys. Name of the widget class. Used as a profile file and also as the name with which Tcl is invoked argv0 in interp.
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If True , initialize the Tk subsystem. The tkinter. Tcl function sets this to False. If True , execute all X server commands synchronously, so that errors are reported immediately. Can be used for debugging. Specifies the id of the window in which to embed the application, instead of it being created as an independent toplevel window. Note that on some platforms this will only work correctly if id refers to a Tk frame or toplevel that has its -container option enabled.
Tk reads and interprets profile files, named.